DALUWARSA DAN LEGALISASI IMPUNITAS DALAM TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL DI INDONESIA
Statute of Limitation and Legalization of Impunity in The Crime of Sexual Violence in Indonesia
Keywords:
Penghapusan; Daluwarsa; Kekerasan Seksual; Impunitas.Abstract
Data statistik baik secara internasional maupun nasional telah menempatkan tindak pidana kekerasan seksual sebagai bentuk kejahatan serius. Dampak buruk bagi korban tidak hanya mencakup aspek fisik, tetapi juga menyerang ranah psikis dalam bentuk trauma yang berkepanjangan. Hal tersebut menciptakan kondisi di mana korban membutuhkan waktu yang lama atau bahkan sama sekali takut untuk melapor. Di sisi lain, karakter dari penegak hukum seperti kepolisian yang masih diliputi oleh mitos konvensional yang cenderung victim blaming menjadikan penegakan hukum tindak pidana kekerasan seksual menghadapi tantangan yang serius. Lebih jauh, kompleksitas permasalahan tersebut juga harus berhadapan dengan ketentuan pembatasan waktu dalam pranata hukum daluwarsa. Dengan menggunakan penelitian doktrinal, artikel ini hendak menguraikan rasionalisasi penghapusan daluwarsa dalam tindak pidana kekerasan seksual. Proposisi awal dari artikel ini menganggap daluwarsa sebagai instrumen yang melegalisasi impunitas dalam tindak pidana kekerasan seksual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak psikologis yang dialami korban kekerasan seksual menjadikan korban takut untuk melapor. Hal ini secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap periode waktu yang kemudian dibatasi oleh ketentuan daluwarsa. Selain aspek dampak, tulisan ini menggunakan undang-undang tentang Pengadilan HAM dan praktik penggunaan DNA sebagai dua faktor yang menjadi dasar rasional untuk menghapus ketentuan daluwarsa dalam tindak pidana kekerasan seksual.
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